DIABETES MELLITUS: PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT STRATEGIES
Hemant Kushwaha, Jatin Chaurasiya, Harshita Jha, Yashwant Singh Jat,
Megha Shrivastava
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The disease is categorized mainly into Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with distinct etiologies and pathophysiologies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, detailing the underlying mechanisms and the interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Furthermore, it discusses current and emerging treatment strategies aimed at managing and potentially curing diabetes, including pharmacological interventions, lifestyle modifications, and advanced therapeutic approaches such as stem cell therapy and gene editing.
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