FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF MICROSPHERE OF ZEPHYRANTHES CITRINA EXTRACT FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Namita Yadav, Ashish Jain, Mahadev Kanere, Akhlesh Kumar Singhai
ABSTRACT
The study focuses on the formulation development and evaluation of microspheres containing Zephyranthes citrina extract for antimicrobial activity. The crude extract yield varied significantly with the solvents used, with methanol extraction yielding 2.32% compared to 0.46% with petroleum ether. Phytochemical analysis revealed the methanolic extract to be rich in alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrates, and tannins/phenolic compounds, whereas the petroleum ether extract was limited to saponins and triterpenoids/steroids. The solubility study highlighted the extract's high solubility in methanol, making it suitable for microsphere formulation. Particle size analysis of the microspheres ranged from 407.7 nm to 513.9 nm, with MS 2 exhibiting the most uniform size distribution (PI of 0.337) and stable zeta potential (-0.4 mV to -2.2 mV). SEM analysis confirmed the spherical and smooth morphology of the microspheres. Antimicrobial testing against E. coli showed that the microsphere formulations had enhanced activity (zones of inhibition: 9 mm and 14 mm for 0.5 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml, respectively) compared to the crude extract (7 mm). Stability studies indicated that the optimized microsphere formulation MS 2 maintained its integrity and stability over 90 days. These findings suggest that the microsphere formulation of Zephyranthes citrina extract offers improved antimicrobial efficacy and stability.
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